Microbe Magazine

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Cover: Stone-age cave paintings from the Chauvet Cave, France, which have been dated to between 32,900 and 30,000 years ago. Accumulating evidence of damage to cave paintings by fungi has lead to many such caves, Chauvet among them, being closed to visitors (see p. 102). (Image © Javier Trueba/MF/Photo Researchers, Inc.)

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Microbe Magazine, Cover Image

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FEATURES

Conflict and Cooperation amid Host-Parasitoid Interactions

Author: Julien Varaldi

The presence of heritable morphs, or heritable phenotypic variants, within populations enables those populations to evolve. Hence, if one morph is more adapted to the local environment, then a selective process favoring that morph ultimately should lead all members of the population to display th... More...

New Genes Arise via Innovation, Amplification, Divergence

Authors: Dan I. Andersson, and Joakim Näsvall

Discussions about the origins of genes and how they diversify go back at least 80 years. Today it is thought that an organism can acquire new genes in at least three distinct ways. According to the earliest models, described by the biologists Haldane, Bridges, and Muller in the 1930s, new genes m... More...

CURRENT TOPICS

Penicillin-Producing and Similar Fungi Not Asexual after All

Author: Carol Potera

Penicillium chrysogenum, long deemed asexual, carries mating-type genes and undergoes a sexual phase during its life cycle, according to Julia Bohm at Ruhr-Universitat in Bochum, Germany, and her collaborators. This fungal species, famously recognize... More...

Nanoscale Technology Separates Microbes by Size Mainly, Plus Charge

Author: Barry E. DiGregorio

Rapid electrokinetic patterning (REP), which combines lasers and electric fields, now can be used to separate microorganisms from one another on a nanoscale basis and, thus, could provide lab-on-chip systems for screening mixtures of microorganisms, according to mechanical engineer Steven T. Were... More...

Blue Light May Deserve Green for Treating Skin Infections

Author: David C. Holzman

Blue light selectively eradicates Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the skin and in infected soft tissues without harming host cells, according to Michael R. Hamblin of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and Harvard Medical School (HMS) in Boston, Mass., and his colla... More...

GAIN Act Asks FDA To Identify Priority Pathogens

Author: Jeffrey L. Fox

In response to mandates in the Generating Antibiotic Incentives Now (GAIN) Act of 2012, officials of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are identifying “qualifying pathogens” to be the designated targets for new antimicrobial drugs. The GAIN law, which took effect late in 2012 as part of FDA ... More...

Dying Cells May Adhere to Ancient Microbial Rules

Author: Marcia Stone

“We often think of cell death as a passive thing, but most cells die as a result of active processes—suicide, murder, or sabotage,” says Douglas R. Green of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, Tenn., referring to self-inflicted apoptosis or programmed necrosis in bacteria as we... More...

Analyzing Host Proteins To Predict Viral Tropism, Risk of Zoonosis

Author: Shannon Weiman

Many outbreaks of viral infections among humans, including those involving the coronavirus responsible for SARS, influenza viruses, and HIV/AIDS, stem from mutations that enable the viruses to switch from various animal to human hosts. This host switching sometimes depends on slight but highly sp... More...

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Cleverly Designed Vaccine Blocks H5 Avian Influenza in Models

Heretofore, most experimental vaccines against the highly lethal H5 avian influenza virus have lacked effectiveness. But now Daniel Perez of the University of Maryland, College Park, et al. have designed a vaccine that has proven highly effective in mice and ferrets, against both H5 and H9. Part ... More...

Two in One against Influenza A

New influenza vaccines must be developed annually, because the surface proteins they target mutate rapidly, the way cars used to get a whole new look every model year. Now Anny Slama-Schwok and colleagues of the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy en Josas, France, have found a mu... More...

Other Stomach Microbiota Modulate Resistance to H. pylori-Driven Pathology

One of the mysteries of Helicobacter pylori infection is that not everyone harboring this infection gets ulcers. Now, research by Karen Ottemann of the University of California, Santa Cruz, et al. suggests that certain bacteria may be protective against ulcers. The ... More...

Certain Bacteria Suppress Production of Toxic Shock Toxin in the Vagina: Probiotic Potential Looms

Menstrual toxic shock syndrome afflicts roughly 1 in 100,000 Western women. This condition arises from vaginal infection by Staphylococcus aureus and subsequent production of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). Now Gregor Reid of the University of Western Ontario... More...

Reviews and Resources

Author: Franklin M. Harold

Reviews and Resources

Author: Kenneth M. Noll

Application Deadlines

2013 ICAAC Awards Deadline. The ASM's ICAAC Awards include the prestigious Cubist-ICAAC Award and the ICAAC Young Investigator Awards. The awardees will be presented their prizes at the 2013 ICAAC Meeting in Denver, Colorado. Now is your chance to nominate your deservi... More...

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16–19 May 2013.

Employment

Small Things Considered

Author: Gemma Reguera

Our appreciation of the colors of nature is limited by the narrow wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum that our eyes can detect. Yet this narrow margin between 390 and 750 nm allows us to see all the colors of the rainbow on a rainy day. Some natural surfaces can also selectively reflect a... More...

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