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Enterohemorrhagic Pathogenesis and the Host Response

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  • Authors: Diana Karpman1, Anne-Lie Ståhl2
  • Editors: Vanessa Sperandio3, Carolyn J. Hovde4
  • VIEW AFFILIATIONS HIDE AFFILIATIONS
    Affiliations: 1: Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; 2: Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; 3: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; 4: University of Idaho, Moscow, ID
    • Source: microbiolspec September 2014 vol. 2 no. 5 doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.EHEC-0009-2013
  • Received 04 June 2013 Accepted 30 July 2013 Published 26 September 2014
  • Diana Karpman, [email protected]
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  • Abstract:

    Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) is a highly pathogenic bacterial strain capable of causing watery or bloody diarrhea, the latter termed hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). HUS is defined as the simultaneous development of non-immune hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure. The mechanism by which EHEC bacteria colonize and cause severe colitis, followed by renal failure with activated blood cells, as well as neurological symptoms, involves the interaction of bacterial virulence factors and specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns with host cells as well as the host response. The innate immune host response comprises the release of antimicrobial peptides as well as cytokines and chemokines in addition to activation and/or injury to leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes and activation of the complement system. Some of the bacterial interactions with the host may be protective in nature, but, when excessive, contribute to extensive tissue injury, inflammation, and thrombosis, effects that may worsen the clinical outcome of EHEC infection. This article describes aspects of the host response occurring during EHEC infection and their effects on specific organs.

  • Citation: Karpman D, Ståhl A. 2014. Enterohemorrhagic Pathogenesis and the Host Response. Microbiol Spectrum 2(5):EHEC-0009-2013. doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.EHEC-0009-2013.

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/content/journal/microbiolspec/10.1128/microbiolspec.EHEC-0009-2013
2014-09-26
2021-04-11

Abstract:

Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) is a highly pathogenic bacterial strain capable of causing watery or bloody diarrhea, the latter termed hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). HUS is defined as the simultaneous development of non-immune hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure. The mechanism by which EHEC bacteria colonize and cause severe colitis, followed by renal failure with activated blood cells, as well as neurological symptoms, involves the interaction of bacterial virulence factors and specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns with host cells as well as the host response. The innate immune host response comprises the release of antimicrobial peptides as well as cytokines and chemokines in addition to activation and/or injury to leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes and activation of the complement system. Some of the bacterial interactions with the host may be protective in nature, but, when excessive, contribute to extensive tissue injury, inflammation, and thrombosis, effects that may worsen the clinical outcome of EHEC infection. This article describes aspects of the host response occurring during EHEC infection and their effects on specific organs.

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