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Origin and Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance among Uropathogenic

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  • Authors: Lisa K. Nolan1, Ganwu Li2, Catherine M. Logue3
  • Editors: Matthew A. Mulvey4, Ann E. Stapleton5, David J. Klumpp6
  • VIEW AFFILIATIONS HIDE AFFILIATIONS
    Affiliations: 1: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011; 2: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011; 3: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011; 4: University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; 5: University of Washington, Seattle, WA; 6: Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
    • Source: microbiolspec September 2015 vol. 3 no. 5 doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0007-2012
  • Received 31 July 2012 Accepted 14 April 2014 Published 04 September 2015
  • Lisa K. Nolan, [email protected]
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  • Abstract:

    Antimicrobial agents of various types have important bearing on the outcomes of microbial infections. These agents may be bacteriostatic or –cidal, exert their impact via various means, originate from a living organism or a laboratory, and appropriately be used in or on living tissue or not. Though the primary focus of this chapter is on resistance to the antimicrobial agents used to treat uropathogenic (UPEC)-caused urinary tract infections (UTIs), some attention will be given to UPEC’s resistance to silver-containing antiseptics, which may be incorporated into catheters to prevent foreign body-associated UTIs.

  • Citation: Nolan L, Li G, Logue C. 2015. Origin and Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance among Uropathogenic . Microbiol Spectrum 3(5):UTI-0007-2012. doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0007-2012.

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/content/journal/microbiolspec/10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0007-2012
2015-09-04
2020-07-06

Abstract:

Antimicrobial agents of various types have important bearing on the outcomes of microbial infections. These agents may be bacteriostatic or –cidal, exert their impact via various means, originate from a living organism or a laboratory, and appropriately be used in or on living tissue or not. Though the primary focus of this chapter is on resistance to the antimicrobial agents used to treat uropathogenic (UPEC)-caused urinary tract infections (UTIs), some attention will be given to UPEC’s resistance to silver-containing antiseptics, which may be incorporated into catheters to prevent foreign body-associated UTIs.

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Origin and Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance among Uropathogenic
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Citation: Nolan L, Li G, Logue C. 2015. Origin and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogenic . microbiolspec 3(5): doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0007-2012
/content/microbiolspec/10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0007-2012.fig1
FIGURE 1
Circular genetic map of pAPEC-O2-ColV, drawn to scale. Arrows indicate predicted genes and their directions of transcription. Yellow arrows indicate virulence-associated genes. Blue arrows indicate genes involved in plasmid transfer and maintenance. Red arrows indicate genes involved in plasmid replication. Gray arrows indicate genes of unknown function. Black arrows indicate mobile genetic elements. Orange slashes indicate gaps in contiguous sequence that were unable to be resolved due to IS elements. Reprinted from the ( 48 ) with permission of the publisher.
microbiolspec/3/5/UTI-0007-2012-fig1_thmb.gif
microbiolspec/3/5/UTI-0007-2012-fig1.gif
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FIGURE 1

Circular genetic map of pAPEC-O2-ColV, drawn to scale. Arrows indicate predicted genes and their directions of transcription. Yellow arrows indicate virulence-associated genes. Blue arrows indicate genes involved in plasmid transfer and maintenance. Red arrows indicate genes involved in plasmid replication. Gray arrows indicate genes of unknown function. Black arrows indicate mobile genetic elements. Orange slashes indicate gaps in contiguous sequence that were unable to be resolved due to IS elements. Reprinted from the ( 48 ) with permission of the publisher.

Source: microbiolspec September 2015 vol. 3 no. 5 doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0007-2012
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FIGURE 2
Circular genetic map of pAPEC-O2-R. Coding regions are indicated by arrows pointing in the direction of transcription. Yellow arrows indicate coding regions involved in antimicrobial resistance, blue arrows indicate coding regions involved in replication, red and pink arrows indicate coding regions involved in plasmid transfer, brown arrows indicate coding regions involved in plasmid maintenance, green arrows indicate mobile elements, blue-gray arrows indicate conserved hypothetical proteins, and gray arrows indicate unknown hypothetical proteins. Reprinted from ( 37 ) with permission of the publisher.
microbiolspec/3/5/UTI-0007-2012-fig2_thmb.gif
microbiolspec/3/5/UTI-0007-2012-fig2.gif
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FIGURE 2

Circular genetic map of pAPEC-O2-R. Coding regions are indicated by arrows pointing in the direction of transcription. Yellow arrows indicate coding regions involved in antimicrobial resistance, blue arrows indicate coding regions involved in replication, red and pink arrows indicate coding regions involved in plasmid transfer, brown arrows indicate coding regions involved in plasmid maintenance, green arrows indicate mobile elements, blue-gray arrows indicate conserved hypothetical proteins, and gray arrows indicate unknown hypothetical proteins. Reprinted from ( 37 ) with permission of the publisher.

Source: microbiolspec September 2015 vol. 3 no. 5 doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0007-2012
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FIGURE 3
Circular map of pAPEC-O103-ColBM. The outer two circles show predicted coding regions in forward and reverse orientations, and different colors indicate different predicted functions. The next circle shows the G_C content in a 1,000-bp window with 10-bp steps. The next five circles show levels of nucleotide homology with other sequenced ColV-type plasmids. Blue indicates >90% homology with pAPEC-O103-ColBM, while black indicates ≤90% homology. The numbers on these circles indicate comparisons with pAPEC-O2-ColV (circle 1), pAPEC-O1-ColBM (circle 2), pVM01 (circle 3), pCVM29188_146 (circle 4), and pSMS-3-5_130 (circle 5). Reprinted from ( 38 ) with permission of the publisher.
microbiolspec/3/5/UTI-0007-2012-fig3_thmb.gif
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FIGURE 3

Circular map of pAPEC-O103-ColBM. The outer two circles show predicted coding regions in forward and reverse orientations, and different colors indicate different predicted functions. The next circle shows the G_C content in a 1,000-bp window with 10-bp steps. The next five circles show levels of nucleotide homology with other sequenced ColV-type plasmids. Blue indicates >90% homology with pAPEC-O103-ColBM, while black indicates ≤90% homology. The numbers on these circles indicate comparisons with pAPEC-O2-ColV (circle 1), pAPEC-O1-ColBM (circle 2), pVM01 (circle 3), pCVM29188_146 (circle 4), and pSMS-3-5_130 (circle 5). Reprinted from ( 38 ) with permission of the publisher.

Source: microbiolspec September 2015 vol. 3 no. 5 doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0007-2012
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Tables

Origin and Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance among Uropathogenic
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Citation: Nolan L, Li G, Logue C. 2015. Origin and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogenic . microbiolspec 3(5): doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0007-2012
/content/microbiolspec/10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0007-2012.T1
TABLE 1
Mechanisms of action of antibacterial agents
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TABLE 1

Mechanisms of action of antibacterial agents

Source: microbiolspec September 2015 vol. 3 no. 5 doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0007-2012

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