Colloquia Report
The American Academy of Microbiology convenes colloquia on issues of critical importance in microbial sciences. Each colloquium brings together an invited group of scientific experts for several days of structured, directed deliberations on a specific topic. Published reports synthesize conclusions reached during these important meetings, providing analysis of the scientific issues and practical recommendations for the future. Information in colloquia reports should be considered a part of evolving framework of knowledge dependent on data available at the time of specific colloquium.
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- Environmental Microbiology, Ecology, and Evolution [24] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/report/colloquia/subject/Environmental_Microbiologyb_Ecologyb_and_Evolution
- Clinical, Medical, and Public Health Microbiology [18] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/report/colloquia/subject/Clinicalb_Medicalb_and_Public_Health_Microbiology
- Genetics, Genomics, and Molecular Microbiology [16] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/report/colloquia/subject/Geneticsb_Genomicsb_and_Molecular_Microbiology
- Food Microbiology [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/report/colloquia/subject/Food_Microbiology
- General Microbiology [8] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/report/colloquia/subject/General_Microbiology
- Water [6] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/report/colloquia/subject/Water
- Food [2] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/report/colloquia/subject/Food
- General Interest [1] http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/subject/generalinterest
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100 Years of Bacillus thuringiensis: A Critical Scientific Assessment
- Authors: Eugene Nexter, Linda S. Thomashow, Matthew Metz, Milton Gordon
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Citation: Eugene Nexter, Linda S. Thomashow, Matthew Metz, Milton Gordon. 2002. 100 years of bacillus thuringiensis: a critical scientific assessment. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2002
- Category: Environmental Microbiology, Ecology, and Evolution; Food Microbiology
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Presents the case of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and its use in agriculture. Compares genetic modification of crops to alternatives and addresses the current controversy, positive outcomes, and potential risks associated with transgenic plants. Makes specific recommendations for future research, evaluation and environmental monitoring, scientific coordination, and public education.
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A Global Decline in Microbiological Safety of Water: A Call for Action
- Authors: Timothy E. Ford, Rita R. Colwell
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Citation: Timothy E. Ford, Rita R. Colwell. 1995. A global decline in microbiological safety of water: a call for action. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 1995
- Category: Water; Environmental Microbiology, Ecology, and Evolution
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Abstract:
Discusses issues in identification of the current extent of waterborne disease outbreaks, the future threat of waterborne outbreaks, and epidemics (and potential pandemics) within both developed and developing countries. Provides a framework for addressing these water quality issues globally.
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An Experimental Approach to Genome Annotation
- Authors: Richard J. Roberts, Peter Karp, Simon Kasif, Stuart Linn, Merry Buckley
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Citation: Richard J. Roberts, Peter Karp, Simon Kasif, Stuart Linn, Merry Buckley. 2004. An experimental approach to genome annotation. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2004
- Category: Genetics, Genomics, and Molecular Microbiology
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This report details the continued work in genome annotation that will likely lead to new applications and progress in healthcare, bio-defense, energy, the environment, and agriculture. The report also discusses the critical challenges and ways to accelerate progress in the field of genome annotation.
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Antibiotic Resistance: An Ecological Perspective on an Old Problem
- Authors: Jacques Acar, Julian Davies, Merry Buckley
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Citation: Jacques Acar, Julian Davies, Merry Buckley. 2009. Antibiotic resistance: an ecological perspective on an old problem. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2009
- Category: Environmental Microbiology, Ecology, and Evolution; General Microbiology; Clinical, Medical, and Public Health Microbiology
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According to the report, it is possible to co-exist with resistance by- developing new strategies to prevent resistance from spreading and, where it already exists, identify the strains we need to protect against; find new ways to treat resistance infections effectively in patients; and manage reservoirs of antibiotic strains in the environment. The report summarizes the current scientific understanding of antibiotic resistance, the scope of the problem, and methods at our disposal for detecting emergence and preventing spread. The knowledge gaps about the prevalence of resistant strains and resistant infections are highlighted as are the unique problems and challenges in developing countries.
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Antimicrobial Resistance: An Ecological Perspective
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Citation: 2002. Antimicrobial resistance: an ecological perspective. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2002
- Category: Clinical, Medical, and Public Health Microbiology; Environmental Microbiology, Ecology, and Evolution
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Synthesizes conclusions reached by working groups at 1999 colloquium. Takes a broad view of the problem of increasing resistance to antimicrobials and its consequences for human, animal, and environmental health. Provides an overview of the current situation and offers specific recommendations for scientific research, surveillance programs, and education efforts.
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Applications of Clinical Microbial Next-Generation Sequencing
- Authors: George M. Weinstock, Brittany Goldberg, Nathan Ledeboer, Eddy Rubin, Heike Sichtig, Chelsie Geyer
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Citation: Weinstock G, Goldberg B, Ledeboer N, Rubin E, Sichtig H, Geyer C. 2016. Applications of clinical microbial next-generation sequencing.
- Publication Year: 2016
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Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has the capacity to provide crucial clinical benefits in patient care, patient outcomes, and public health, however, clinical laboratories must find ways to overcome operational, technical, regulatory, and strategic challenges in order to effectively employ NGS-based diagnostic tests. The Academy convened a colloquium on this topic in April 2015. Beyond the potential lifesaving impact of NGS methodologies, the report examines the main deterrents and shortcomings of the technology such as the data analysis and management pipelines, regulatory concerns and reimbursement issues, and the creation and maintenance of curated and secure databases. The report, titled Applications of Clinical Microbial Next-Generation Sequencing provides recommendations and suggestions for combating these current limitations to implement NGS in clinical settings.
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Bioinformatics and Biodefense: Keys to Understanding Natural & Altered Pathogens
- Authors: Merry Buckley, Thomas Slezak, Thomas Brettin
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Citation: Merry Buckley, Thomas Slezak, Thomas Brettin. 2009. Bioinformatics and biodefense: keys to understanding natural & altered pathogens. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2009
- Category: Genetics, Genomics, and Molecular Microbiology
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Abstract:
Bioinformatics, the application of computer analysis to molecular biology, is a fundamental corollary to biodefense research. As we face new security threats involving pathogens and infectious disease, bioinformatics databases must be improved and a plan must be made for integrating biodefense research throughout the world. This report outlines the recommendations made by the world's leaders in bioinformatics at a colloquium held in Baltimore.
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Bioterrorism Threats to Our Future (Available online only)
- Authors: James W. Snyder, William Check
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Citation: James W. Snyder, William Check. 2001. Bioterrorism threats to our future (available online only). American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2001
- Category: Clinical, Medical, and Public Health Microbiology
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The Academy joined with the American College of Microbiology to examine the central roles of professional microbiologists and clinicians in recognizing the occurrence of possible bioterrorism events. Issues of medical laboratory and practitioner training, emergency preparedness plans, public education, collaboration, and communication across health care and law enforcement agencies from the local to the federal level are discussed.
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Bringing the Lab to the Patient: Developing Point-of-Care Diagnostics for Resource Limited Settings
- Author: Ann Reid
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Citation: Ann Reid. 2012. Bringing the lab to the patient: developing point-of-care diagnostics for resource limited settings. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2012
- Category: General Microbiology; Clinical, Medical, and Public Health Microbiology
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Abstract:
Easy-to-use, inexpensive point-of-care tests (POCTs) to diagnose infectious diseases are urgently needed in resource-limited settings where laboratory capacity is limited. Development and implementation of new POCTs requires coordinated efforts among the scientists and engineers designing the tests and the health care workers deploying them. Recognizing the need to connect these groups, the American Academy of Microbiology convened a colloquium in September 2011 to discuss how to develop POCTs that can be effectively integrated into resource limited settings. Based on that colloquium, this report identifies the POCTs that would make the biggest impact on health and the qualities they need to be effective in resource limited settings. The report also discusses systemic barriers to POCT deployment and recommends addressing these barriers in order to foster a more conducive environment for POCT development. The report is an example of the benefit of improved communication among the many groups that must work together to bring POCTs to the people that need them the most.
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Changing Diagnostic Paradigms for Microbiology
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Citation: Dolen V, Carroll K, Klugman K, Ledeboer N, . 2017. Changing diagnostic paradigms for microbiology.
- Publication Year: 2017
- Category: Genetics, Genomics, and Molecular Microbiology
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Abstract:
Near-patient and POC testing for infectious disease diagnostics is rapidly evolving. CLIA-waived NAATs have performance characteristics similar to those of more-complex, gold standard laboratory assays. The impact that these new assays will have on patient outcomes, healthcare delivery models, public health, and healthcare costs is still not clear. The role that clinical microbiology laboratories will play in advanced POC tests for infectious diseases is changing.
As near-patient and POC testing is increasingly implemented in new settings and by nonlaboratorians, clinical microbiology laboratory expertise is needed to ensure proper oversight of quality assurance, competency and proficiency testing. Integration of POC tests into electronic systems, along with automated quality monitoring, can greatly improve their contribution to diagnostic microbiology. Utilization of trained personnel and evaluation of tests will ensure that the best-quality tests are ordered and interpreted correctly to benefit patient care.
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Clean Water: What is Acceptable Microbial Risk?
- Authors: Mark Lechevallier, Merry Buckley
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Citation: Mark Lechevallier, Merry Buckley. 2007. Clean water: what is acceptable microbial risk?. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2007
- Category: Water
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It is a familiar scenario experienced around the world: an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness suddenly emerges in a community, and no one knows where it came from or how to stop it. At the start of the outbreak, only a few people are affected, most often the very old and the very young. As the outbreak worsens, more and more people fall ill, and people who were weak or unwell may develop life-threatening complications. Such outbreaks sometimes originate from a source that most people in the United States and other developed countries trust unquestioningly: drinking water. This report examines the risks related to pathogens in the water supply and puts forth recommendations for areas of research, communication needs, and methods of microbial risk assessment.
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Climate, Infectious Disease and Health: An Interdisciplinary Perspective
- Authors: Rita R. Colwell, Jonathan A. Patz
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Citation: Rita R. Colwell, Jonathan A. Patz. 1998. Climate, infectious disease and health: an interdisciplinary perspective. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 1998
- Category: Clinical, Medical, and Public Health Microbiology; Environmental Microbiology, Ecology, and Evolution
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Discusses research issues relating to the effects of climate on the incidence and distribution of infectious disease. Addresses specific infectious diseases and offers recommendations for future research.
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Dynamic Issues in Scientific Integrity: Collaborative Research
- Author: Francis L. Macrina
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Citation: Francis L. Macrina. 1995. Dynamic issues in scientific integrity: collaborative research. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 1995
- Category: General Microbiology
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Includes an in-depth analysis of the issues involved in collaborative scientific research and makes recommendations to educators, the broader microbiology community, policy makers, and the public.
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Educating the Microbiologist of the Future: The Role of Summer Courses
- Author: Ann Reid
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Citation: Ann Reid. 2011. Educating the microbiologist of the future: the role of summer courses. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2011
- Category: General Microbiology
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In a rapidly evolving field, recruitment and education is critical, and microbiology is no exception. Intensive summer courses staffed by some of the most brilliant minds in microbiology, have proven to be a popular and effective way to hone early and mid-career microbiologist’s skills. The courses are particularly successful at equipping researchers for careers in emerging fields at the intersection of existing disciplines. Based on a colloquium held in January 2011, this report details the contribution of full immersion summer courses to the education of the microbiologists of the future. The report describes the broad and lasting impact of the current courses and defines common challenges that they all face. The recommendations in the report suggest ways to leverage the value and increase the impact of these courses, and propose developing a framework to allow course directors to communicate best practices and develop shared approaches to common challenges. The report affirms the value of these courses in developing the next generation of outstanding microbiologists.
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Food Safety: Current Status and Future Needs
- Author: Stephanie Doores
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Citation: Stephanie Doores. 1999. Food safety: current status and future needs. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 1999
- Category: Food Microbiology
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Analyzes new challenges affecting the safety of the food supply in the United States, charts directions for future research, and offers specific recommendations. Discusses factors that influence the incidence of foodborne disease, sampling and surveillance, risk assessment, and the food safety community.
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From Outside to Inside: Environmental Microorganisms as Human Pathogens
- Authors: Gerald A. Cangelosi, Nancy E. Freitag, Merry Buckley
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Citation: Gerald A. Cangelosi, Nancy E. Freitag, Merry Buckley. 2005. From outside to inside: environmental microorganisms as human pathogens. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2005
- Category: Environmental Microbiology, Ecology, and Evolution
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Abstract:
While many infectious diseases are caused by human-to-human transmission, others are caused by microorganisms that exist in the outside environment. The difference between the two is the ability for environmental pathogens to survive and thrive outside the host. The report recommends that scientists from different fields work together to address the challenges presented by these environmental pathogens.
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Geobiology: Exploring the Interface Between the Biosphere and the Geosphere
- Authors: Kenneth Nealson, William A. Ghiorse, Evelyn Strauss
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Citation: Kenneth Nealson, William A. Ghiorse, Evelyn Strauss. 2001. Geobiology: exploring the interface between the biosphere and the geosphere. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2001
- Category: Environmental Microbiology, Ecology, and Evolution
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This report identifies possibilities and challenges facing the developing, interdisciplinary science of geobiology.
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Global Food Safety: Keeping Food Safe from Farm to Table
- Authors: Merry Buckley, Ann Reid
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Citation: Merry Buckley, Ann Reid. 2010. Global food safety: keeping food safe from farm to table. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2010
- Category: Food Microbiology; Clinical, Medical, and Public Health Microbiology
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“Global Food Safety: Keeping Food Safe from Farm to Table,” is based on a colloquium convened by the Academy in 2009. This report reviews the current state of affairs in microbiological food safety around the world. It is extremely challenging to know how many people are made sick by food, which foods are at fault, which pathogens are most widespread or dangerous, and where those pathogens entered the food production system. In such a situation, where should research, prevention and education efforts be directed? In this report, each step in our complicated food production and supply system is described, highlighting key points of vulnerability, and making it clear that providing safe food is a shared responsibility.
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Harnessing the Power of Microbes as Therapeutics: Bugs as Drugs
- Author: Shannon Weiman
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Citation: Weiman S. 2015. Harnessing the power of microbes as therapeutics: bugs as drugs.
- Publication Year: 2015
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Bacteria and viruses are not always categorized as harmful microorganisms. In fact, these groups of microbes can be beneficial and can actively participate in many biological processes. With the perception of microorganisms being our partners, research is now being conducted to use microbes to treat disease and enhance human health. Some viruses and species of bacteria can be targeted to kill cancer cells while others can be deployed to replicate in and kill tumors. The Academy convened a colloquium in April 2014 in San Diego, CA to discuss the vast potential of microbes as supplements to existing therapies against infectious and chronic diseases. The product of those discussions was the full report, Harnessing the Power of Microbes as Therapeutics: Bugs as Drugs.
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Health, Climate and Infectious Disease: A Global Perspective
- Authors: Joan B. Rose, Anwar Huq, Erin K. Lipp
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Citation: Joan B. Rose, Anwar Huq, Erin K. Lipp. 2001. Health, climate and infectious disease: a global perspective. American Academy of Microbiology
- Publication Year: 2001
- Category: Clinical, Medical, and Public Health Microbiology; Environmental Microbiology, Ecology, and Evolution
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Takes a look at the combined advances in microbiology, meteorology, climatology, epidemiology, oceanography, ecology, medicine, and space science that are shedding light on the intricate connections between weather, oceans, and emerging and re-emerging diseases. Makes specific recommendations for future data collection, research collaboration, risk assessment, and the use of technology and molecular techniques.